Conjugations are used in Persian to link ideas together (e.g: and, but, because, therefore) and help speech become connected and fluid in nature.

Coordinating Conjunctions

• • "and" --> va/o (و) 

    • In written Persian va (و) is used, but in spoken Persian o (و) is used for the sake of making speech more fluid.

      • Written: man ketāb va medād kharidam (من کتاب و مداد خریدم)

      • Spoken: man ketāb-o medād kharidam (من کتاب و مداد خریدم)
        "I bought a book and pencil."

  • "or" --> yā (یا)

    • ghave yā āb mikhahi/mikhay? (قهوه یا آب می‌خواهی/می‌خوای؟)
      "Would you like coffee or water?"

  • "but" --> ammā (اما) / vali (ولی)

    • mikhāstam beram, vali mariz budam (می‌خواستم برم ولی مریض بودم) "
      "I wanted to go, but I was sick."

Subordinating Conjugations

• "because" --> chon (چون)

  • Naraftam chon kār dāshtam (نرفتم چون کار داشتم) "I didn't go because I had work."

• "if" --> agar (اگر)

  • Agar bārān biyāyad, nemiravim (اگر باران بیاید نمی‌رویم) "If it rains, we won't go."

• "when" --> vaghti (وقتی)

  • Vaghti residi, man khāb budam (وقتی رسیدی خواب بودم) "When you arrived, I was asleep."

• "that" --> ke (که)

  • nemidānam/nemidoonam ke in kar-rā/karo kardand. (نمی‌دانم/نمی‌دونم که این کار کار را/کارو کردند) "I don't know that they did this work."

    • Note: Ke (که) is an important relative clause in Persian and can mean "that and which." A relative clause adds information about a noun, and in English we often use "that, which, where, etc." In Persian, this is just ke (که).

Resulting Conjunctions

• "therefore" --> banābarin (بنابراین)

  • bārān āmad, banābarin bāzi-e mā laghv shod (باران آمد بنابراین بازی ما لغو شد) "It rained, so our game was cancelled."

• "so/then" --> pas (پس)

  • Dir kardi, pas mā raftim (دیر کردی پس ما رفتیم) "You were late, so we left."